woensdag 23 mei 2018

Wat het slaper effect me leert over innovatie...

De traditionele media blijft worstelen met reclame, niet in het minst TV reclame. Nu meer en meer mensen uitgesteld kijken, hebben sommige mensen er een dagtaak aan om manieren te verzinnen om de reclame toch in ons onderbewustzijn te pushen. Een verbod op het het versneld doorspoelen is er maar één van. Je vraagt je af waarom men blijft geloven in een model om de consument tegen zijn wil bloot te stellen aan reclame. Per slot van rekening creëer je daarmee frustratie en welk merk wil daarmee geassocieerd worden? Om dat te begrijpen moeten we eerst 70 jaar terug in de tijd.

Tijdens WOII maakte de Amerikaanse regering verschillende propaganda films om Amerikaanse soldaten warm te maken voor de betrokkenheid van de VS in de oorlog tegen Duitsland. De psycholoog Carl Hovland onderzocht daartoe de langetermijnseffecten van die propaganda. Daaruit bleek dat vlak na het bekijken van de documentaires de soldaten de verworven informatie als ongeloofwaardig zagen: ze waren zich sterk bewust van het propaganda-gegeven. Na weken tot maanden bleek uit het onderzoek dat de verstrekte informatie door de soldaten echter als veel geloofwaardiger werd gezien. De boodschap bleef hangen en het verwerpen van de betrouwbaarheid van bron daalde sterk in intensiteit. Reden is dat de bron gewoon vergeten was of dat de koppeling tussen bron en boodschap sterk verzwakt was. Het 'slaper effect' werd daarna het onderwerp van verschillende onderzoeken: mensen gaan vaak na verloop van tijd de onbetrouwbaarheid van de bron minder in overweging nemen bij het al dan niet accepteren van de verworven informatie.

Het 'slaper effect' is een bondgenoot bij het uittekenen van een politieke campagne, denk maar aan die van Donald Trump. Maar ook reclamespots doen er hun voordeel mee. Dat een wasproduct witter dan wit wast, gelooft niemand als het in een reclameclip zit, maar de boodschap blijft hangen en de onbetrouwbaarheid van de boodschapper vervaagt na verloop van tijd. Reclame is dus zijn geld nog waard. Alleen wordt de uitdaging groter om ontvanger de boodschap te laten capteren. Bij het versneld doorspoelen van reclame is dat net iets moeilijker.

Met alle informatie van de wereld binnen handbereik, veronderstel je dat mensen beter geïnformeerd zijn en dus veel minder onderhevig zijn aan het 'slaper effect'. Niet dus, zoals blijkt uit de laatste Amerikaanse verkiezingen. Dat net Facebook daarbij een rol speelde als 'betrouwbare' bron is eens temeer een bevestiging dat mensen hun kritische geest in slaapmodus lijkt te gaan na verloop van tijd. Dat weinig mensen op dit moment, geruggensteund door de GDPR wetgeving, hun privacy gegevens zullen aanpassen is het gevolg. Al heeft dat nog een andere oorzaak: het default effect. We verkiezen de default optie in de veronderstelling dat dit de beste is. Maar ook daar vertrekt dit van een geloof in de betrouwbaarheid van diegene die de default keuze vastlegt...

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